大学英语四级考试考前冲刺卷一 大学英语四级考前冲刺试卷

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2015年6月英语四级冲刺试卷(一)

Section B

Directions: In this section, you are going to read a passage with ten statements attached to it. Each statement contains information given in one of the paragraphs. Identify the paragraph from which the information is derived.

47、根据材料，回答47-56问题。

Directions: In this section, you are going to read a passage with ten statements attached to it. Each statement contains information given in one of the paragraphs. Identify the paragraph from which the information is derived.

You may choose a paragraph more than once. Each paragraph is marked with a letter. Answer the questions by marking the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2.

How Your Language Affects Your Wealth and Health

A. Does the language we speak determine how healthy and rich we will be? New research by Keith Chen of Yale Business School suggests so. The structure of languages affects our judgments and decisions about the future and this might have dramatic long-term consequences.

B. There has been a lot of research into how we deal with the future. For example, the famous marshmallow ( 棉 花糖)studies of Walter Mischel and colleagues showed that being able to resist temptation is predictive of future success. Four-year-old kids were given a marshmallow and were told that if they do not eat that marshmallow and wait for the experimenter to come back, they will get two marshmallows instead of one. Follow-up studies showed that the kids who were able to wait for the bigger future reward became more successful young adults.

C. Resisting our impulses for immediate pleasure is often the only way to attain the outcomes that are important to us. We want to keep a slim figure but we also want that last slice of pizza. We want a comfortable retirement, but we also want to drive that dazzling car, go on that dream vacation, or get those gorgeous shoes.

Some people are better at delaying gratification ( 满足 ) than others. Those people have a better chance of accumulating wealth and keeping a healthy life style. They are less likely to be impulse buyers or smokers, or to engage in unsafe sex.

D. Chen's recent findings suggest that an unlikely factor, language, strongly affects our future-oriented behavior. Some languages strongly distinguish the present and the future. Other languages only weakly distinguish the present and the future. Chen's recent research suggests that people who speak languages that weakly distinguish the present and the future are better prepared for the future. They accumulate more wealth and they are better able to maintain their health. The way these people conceptualize the future is similar to the way they conceptualize the present. As a result, the future does not feel very distant and it is easier for them to act in accordance with their future interestS.

E. Different languages have different ways of talking about the future. Some languages, such as English, Korean, and Russian, require their speakers to refer to the future explicitly ( 明确地). Every time English-speakers tall about the future, they have to use future markers such as "will" or "going to." In other languages, such as Mandarin, Japanese, and German, future markers are not obligatory (强制性的). The future is often talked about similar to the way present is talked about and the meaning is understood from the context. A Mandarin speaker who is going to go to a seminar might say "Wo qu ting jiangzuo," which translates to "I go listen seminar." Languages such as English constantly remind their speakers that future events are distant. For speakers of languages such as Mandarin future feels closer. As a consequence, resisting immediate impulses and investing for the future is easier for Mandarin speakers.

F.Chert analyzed individual-level data from 76 developed and developing countries. This data includes people's economic decisions, such as whether they saved any money last year, the languages they speak at home, demographics (人口统计资料 ), and cultural factors such as "saving is an important cultural value for me."

He also analyzed individual-level data on people's retirement assets, smoking and exercising habits, and general health in older age. Lastly, he analyzed national-level data that inchides national savings rates, country GDP and GDP growth rates, country demographics, and proportions of people speaking different languages.

G. People's savings rates are affected by various factors such as their income, education level, age, religious connection, their countries' legal systems, and their cultural values. After those factors were accounted for, the effect of language on people's savings rates turned out to be big. Speaking a language that has obligatory future markers, such as English, makes people 30 percent less likely to save money for the future. This effect is as large as the effect of unemployment. Being unemployed decreases the likelihood of saving by about 30 percent as well.

H) Similar analyses showed that speaking a language that does not have obligatory future markers, such as Mandarin, makes people accumulate more retirement assets, smoke less, exercise more, and generally be healthier in older age. Countries' national savings rates are also affected by language. Having a larger proportion of people speaking languages that does not have obligatory future markers makes national savings rates higher.

I.At a more practical level, researchers have been looking for ways to help people act in accordance with their long-term interests. Recent, findings suggest that making the future feel closer to the present might improve future-oriented behavior. For instance, researchers recently presented people with renderings of their future selves made using age-progression algorithms (算法) that forecast how physical appearances would change over time. One group of participants saw a digital representation of their current selves in a virtual mirror, and the other group saw an age-morphed version of their future selves. Those participants who saw the age- morphed version of their future selves allocated more money toward a hypothetical savings account. The intervention brought people's future to the present and as a result they saved more for the future.

J.Chen's research shows that language structures our future-related thoughts. Language has been used before to alter time perception with surprising effects. Ellen Langer and colleagues famously improved older people's physical health by simple interventions including asking them to talk about the events of twenty years ago as if it they were happening now. Talking about the past as if it were the present changed people's mindsets and their mindsets affected their physical states. Chen's research points at the possibility that the way we talk about the future can shape our mindsets. Language can move the future back and forth in our mental space and this might have dramatic influences on our judgments and decisions.

Usually, preventing ourselves from enjoying immediate pleasure impulsively is the only way to achieve the outcomes that are important to us.

48、The structure of languages influences us when we are making a judgment or decision about the future.

49、Speaking a language that has obligatory future markers and being unemployed nearly share the same percentage of decreasing the likelihood of saving.

50、According to the well-known marshmallow studies, people who can resist temptation tend to be successful in the future.

51、People who speak languages like English are more likely to feel that the future events are distant.

52、National savings rates of countries are influenced by language as well.

53、In Chen's recent research, people who speak languages in which the present and the future are weakly distinguished are more prepared for the future.

54、Recent findings show that it is possible to improve future-oriented behavior through making the future feel closer to the present.

55、Through simple interventions, Ellen Langer and colleagues made the physical health of the older people changed for the better.

56、Chen made an analysis of individual-level statistics from 76 developed and developing nations.

大学英语四级考前冲刺试卷2014

2014年6月14日的大学英语四级考试还有两天就要到来啦 ，小伙伴们都准备充分了吗，在临考之前我们为您整理了一些考前必做模拟题，下文《大学英语四级考前冲刺试卷2014》由英语频道为您整理，希望对您的考试有帮助，欢饮您访问浏览更多考试资讯。

Part I Writing.(30 minutes)

1、

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Section A

Directions: In this section, you will hear 8 short conversations and 2 long conversations. At the end of each conversation, one or more questions will be asked about what was said. Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once. After each question there will be a pause. During the pause, you must read the four choices marked A), B), C) and D), and decide which is the best answer. Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre.

2、听音频：

听材料，回答2-26题：

A.She got a "C" in maths as well.

B.She usually practices a lot in maths,

C.Maths is not as terrible as the man thinks

D.Maths is the enemy of all the students.

3、

A.The man thinks it is better for kids to live in the suburbs.

B.The man's wife likes the peacefulness in the suburbs.

C.The woman doesn't like living in the city.

D.The woman will give birth to a child soon.

4、

A.The man should book the ticket even earlier,

B.There would be no problem for the man to get a ticket.

C.She would not go back home for the Cbristmas holiday.

D.She has some extra tickets available for the man.

5、

A.It is useless to waste their words.

B.It is clear to see what happened.

C.He is working on a dead horse.

D.He is very busy at the moment.

6、

A.She will not watch the new movie.

B.She has another plan for the weekend.

C.She has already watched the movie.

D.She is on a tight budget right now.

7、

A.Henry is a bookworm.

B.Henry is a good student.

C.Henry's learning style is improper.

D.Henry's learning style is just as before.

8、

A.She is selling mobile phones.

B.She is selling office equipment.

C.She is purchasing electronic products.

D.She is employed in an electronics company.

9、

A.He is a travel agent.

B.He is a story-writer.

C.He owns a book store.

D.He likes traveling around.

10、听录音，回答以下问题：

A.Clothes matching.

B.Making friends.

C.Stress relieving.

D.Interview preparation.

11、

A.Elegant body posture.

B.Proper speech. 蜕变培训网

C.Neat appearance.

D.Good manners.

12、

A.Because they help make a good impression.

B.Because they help create a nice atmosphere.

C.Because they help get more job hfformation.

D.Because they help show the real character.

13、听录音，回答以下问题：

A.He gets a full scholarship.

B.He is appointed as an assistant.

C.His room expense is reduced.

D.He gets full marks in the test.

14、

A.Based on graduate credit.

B.Based on financial condition:

C.Based on merit.

D.Based on educational system.

15、

A.It usually requires an analysis of financial demand.

B.It is composed of research and graduate types.

C.Its amount ranges from $ 600 to $ 800.

D.Only full-time graduate students are qualified for it.

16、

A.Help professors teach classes every month.

B.Teach or research for 20 hours a week.

C.Get the highest score in the examination.

D.Get 9 graduate credit hours.

17、听录音，回答以下问题：

A.He found volunteers all over the world.

B.He sent words and quotations to Murray.

C.He bought newspaper, magazines and books for Murray.

D.He served as an assistant editor.

18、

A.Because he was locked up in a mental hospital.

B.Because he had difficulties in walking.

C.Because he lived far away from Oxford.

D.Because he was disgusted with Murray.

19、

A.He was an American physician.

B.He was injured during the Civil War.

C.He had passed away when the dictionary came out.

D.He faced various criminal charges.

20、听录音，回答以下问题：

A.kids will never play with fire again.

B.Kids will burn themselves again and again.

C.People may become much stronger

D.Human beings and animals may disappear soon.

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